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[[53,14,5]] d ≤
n
53
k
14
d
5
kd²/n
6.60377
w
7
X/Z
1

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Distance

X/Z asymmetry 1 · d_X ≤ 5, d_Z ≤ 5 · w_X = 7, w_Z = 7 (max(d_X,d_Z)/min(d_X,d_Z); each side carries its own earned tier: = certified exact, ≤ witness upper bound)
d_X 5 · witness weight 5 (claimed upper_bound)
witness found by @vprusso · research/kit/surrogate.lightest_logical · found at 3000 trials · survived 3000 trials · 2026-11-03
witness operator (support, 5 qubits)
[0, 13, 18, 30, 47]
d_Z 5 · witness weight 5 (claimed upper_bound)
witness found by @vprusso · research/kit/surrogate.lightest_logical · found at 3000 trials · survived 3000 trials · 2026-11-03
witness operator (support, 5 qubits)
[5, 10, 39, 45, 46]
certificate none yet · distance stands as a self-certified upper bound (d ≤)

Diagnostics

computed by the verifier from the parity checks, the layout, and the stored witnesses; shown as evidence, not used for ranking
girth H_X 6 · H_Z 6 (shortest cycle of each side’s Tanner graph; longer is friendlier to belief propagation)
check weights H_X 6–7 (mean 6.85) · H_Z 6–7 (mean 6.947)
qubit degrees H_X 1–4 (mean 2.585) · H_Z 1–4 (mean 2.491)
trapping sets H_X (1,1)×2 (2,1)×4 (3,1)×26 (smallest syndrome weight at each size, connected sets of up to 3 qubits)
full (size, syndrome weight): count census for H_X
(1,1): 2 (1,2): 24 (1,3): 21 (1,4): 6 (2,1): 4 (2,2): 45 (2,3): 139 (2,4): 143 (2,5): 63 (2,6): 8 (3,1): 26 (3,2): 137 (3,3): 597 (3,4): 1239 (3,5): 1260 (3,6): 759 (3,7): 323 (3,8): 94 (3,9): 15 (3,10): 1
trapping sets H_Z (1,1)×3 (2,1)×7 (3,1)×36 (smallest syndrome weight at each size, connected sets of up to 3 qubits)
full (size, syndrome weight): count census for H_Z
(1,1): 3 (1,2): 25 (1,3): 21 (1,4): 4 (2,1): 7 (2,2): 56 (2,3): 152 (2,4): 137 (2,5): 37 (2,6): 4 (3,1): 36 (3,2): 203 (3,3): 720 (3,4): 1330 (3,5): 1092 (3,6): 566 (3,7): 220 (3,8): 44 (3,9): 7

Construction & provenance

authors @vprusso
provenance submitted through the challenge
novelty novelty not audited
construction Priced construction calculus E-PEEL of codes/54-14-5-b.json ([[54,14,5]], max check weight 7; itself Mathys Rennela's priced-calculus E-PEEL of codes/56-12-7.json, a two-block group-algebra code over SmallGroup(28,4) from arXiv:2610.13880): delete qubit 26 (0-based index in the parent file) together with its unique Z check b4, and relabel the surviving qubits in increasing order of their parent indices. Consumer: github.com/unitaryfoundation/code-calculus @ 1b9a942, machine/priced_calculus.py.
model Claude Claude Fable 5.1 (claimed, not verified)
date 2026-11-04
notes Single-step priced-calculus E-PEEL child of board entry 54-14-5-b. verify/validate_candidate.py found no board entry sharing this code's fingerprint or Weisfeiler-Leman signature, local-Hadamard images included.
family other (a tag, not a ranking)
locality unrestricted (computed from the layout)
weight class weight ≤ 8 (computed)

How this code was found

the research note submitted with this code · raw markdown · all notes

[[53,14,5]] priced calculus E-PEEL of codes/54-14-5-b.json

Direction & hypothesis

Unrestricted weight-8 CSS cell. The priced construction calculus was applied one move deep to every CSS entry on the board, and this code is the E-PEEL of codes/54-14-5-b.json ([[54,14,5]], max check weight 7; itself Mathys Rennela's priced-calculus E-PEEL of codes/56-12-7.json, a two-block group-algebra code over SmallGroup(28,4) from arXiv:2610.13880). Peeling qubit 26 with the one Z check that touches it keeps k = 14 and keeps the witnessed distance bound at 5 while dropping one qubit. Max check weight stays 7.

What was searched

Every C-DELETE-CHECK, E-PEEL, and E-PUNCTURE move on each of the 2,783 CSS board entries as of 2026-11-02, 1,684,787 moves in all, with the consumer at github.com/unitaryfoundation/code-calculus @ 1b9a942. Children with a bare qubit, a disconnected Tanner graph, a Weisfeiler-Leman signature equal to a board entry or to an earlier child, or parameters already dominated inside the parent's cell were dropped before any search, leaving 334,191 distinct children. Children with n <= 60 and an inherited distance bound of at least 2, and children with 61 <= n <= 100 and a bound of at least 5, were screened with research/kit/surrogate.lightest_logical at 2,000 RIS trials per side; the survivors the kit's novelty pre-check called board-advancing were staged with research/kit/submit.py and gated with verify/validate_candidate.py, one representative per distinct (n, k, d, max weight, locality) point. This code is that representative for [[53,14,5]] at max check weight 7. The thirteen points audited first went to the board on 2026-11-04 (PRs #4588 to #4600); this one is from the remainder, re-checked against the board of 2026-11-04 with the gate's structural, deduplication, and novelty stages before the ladder below was run. The screen distance is a witness-backed upper bound; the rungs below are the independent confirmation runs on the staged file.

Evidence trail

Confirmation ladder for the submitted code, each rung a fresh seed unless marked otherwise, reading the lightest logical found:

| budget (trials/side) | lightest logical | | ---: | ---: | | 3,000 (staging screen, seeds 1 and 2) | 5 | | 1,000,000 (seed 101) | 5 | | 1,000,000 (seed 102) | 5 | | 10,000,000 (seed 103) | 5 |

4 fresh-seed rung(s) agree at the best bound, the deepest of them at 10,000,000 trials per side. The submitted witness reproduces it: X: d <= 5 (upper_bound), Z: d <= 5 (upper_bound).

Dead ends

None recorded for this candidate.

Tools

Model: Claude Fable 5.1 (Claude Code). Repo tooling: research/kit/coordination.py, research/kit/submit.py, research/kit/surrogate.py, research/audits/leader_audit.py. The local verdict is verify/validate_candidate.py; the bundle was assembled by research/kit/promote.py.

Reproduction

Load codes/54-14-5-b.json, delete qubit 26 (0-based index in that file) together with its unique Z check b4, where the Z rows are numbered b1, b2, ... in file order after dropping rows dependent on earlier ones, as CodeState.from_challenge in machine/priced_calculus.py labels them, and relabel the surviving qubits in increasing order of their parent indices; in github.com/unitaryfoundation/code-calculus @ 1b9a942 this is apply_operation(state, {'op': 'E-PEEL', 'qubit': 26, 'sector': 'Z', 'row_id': 'b4'}). Then run research/audits/leader_audit.py ladder on the result with --ladder 1000000:101,102 10000000:103 to reproduce the confirmation rungs; the witnesses in the entry are the ones those runs validated.

Parity checks

X-checks 20 (max weight 7) · Z-checks 19 (max weight 7)
H_X (20 checks, sparse supports)
[0, 16, 21, 24, 26, 37, 51] [1, 14, 22, 23, 27, 35, 52] [2, 13, 19, 28, 34, 48] [4, 11, 20, 25, 29, 32, 50] [0, 5, 18, 29, 30, 39] [4, 6, 17, 22, 26, 31, 38] [2, 5, 7, 23, 31, 32, 45] [2, 8, 15, 24, 27, 33, 36] [3, 4, 9, 21, 33, 34, 43] [6, 9, 11, 35, 36, 49] [1, 6, 12, 19, 30, 37, 40] [7, 8, 13, 25, 37, 38, 47] [3, 12, 14, 24, 32, 39, 46] [4, 10, 13, 15, 39, 40, 52] [5, 10, 16, 22, 34, 41, 44] [2, 11, 12, 17, 41, 42, 51] [1, 7, 16, 18, 36, 43, 50] [8, 14, 17, 19, 29, 43, 44] [6, 15, 16, 20, 28, 45, 46] [12, 18, 20, 22, 33, 47, 48]
H_Z (19 checks, sparse supports)
[0, 6, 23, 26, 30, 35, 45] [1, 8, 21, 27, 37, 43] [2, 3, 20, 28, 32, 33, 42] [4, 5, 19, 29, 31, 34, 40] [5, 12, 25, 30, 32, 41, 47] [6, 7, 24, 31, 36, 37, 46] [4, 7, 14, 32, 38, 43, 52] [8, 9, 22, 33, 35, 38, 44] [2, 9, 16, 34, 36, 45, 51] [1, 10, 11, 35, 40, 41, 50] [8, 11, 18, 29, 36, 42, 47] [0, 12, 13, 37, 39, 42, 48] [5, 14, 15, 27, 39, 44, 45] [12, 15, 21, 33, 40, 46, 51] [3, 16, 17, 26, 41, 43, 46] [10, 17, 23, 31, 42, 44, 52] [9, 18, 19, 30, 43, 48, 49] [16, 19, 25, 28, 37, 44, 50] [13, 21, 22, 26, 34, 47, 52]
Code ID 53-14-5 · download JSON · raw on GitHub